Northern fox grape

Ozone injury usually appears as black or purple spots (stipple), yellow or white bleached spots (chlorotic mottle, needle tip burn), or leaf browning (necrosis). Ozone may also cause premature leaf drop (senescence).

Healthy Northern fox grape Leaves Courtesy, all-creatures.org

Ozone Injury to Northern fox grape Leaf Courtesy, all-creatures.org

Ozone Injury to Northern fox grape Leaf Courtesy, Dr. Donald D. Davis Pennsylvania State University

Northern fox grape with Ozone Injury Courtesy, Dr. Donald D. Davis Pennsylvania State University

Ozone Injury to Northern fox grape Courtesy, Dr. Donald D. Davis Pennsylvania State University