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FEDERAL LAND MANAGERS' AIR QUALITY RELATED VALUES WORKGROUP (FLAG)
PHASE I REPORT
(December 2000)

Appendices

H. Bibliography

Some of the documents cited below were referenced in this FLAG Phase I Report. Others are listed to provide background information.

General References

Adams, M.B., D.S. Nichols, C.A. Federer, K.F. Jensen and H. Parrott. 1991. Screening Procedure to Evaluate Effects of Air Pollution on Eastern Region Wildernesses Cited as Class I Air Quality Areas. General Technical Report NE-151. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. Radnor, Pennsylvania.

Binkley, D., C. Giardina, I. Dockersmith, D. Morse, M. Scruggs and K. Tonnessen. 1997. Status of Air Quality and Related Values in Class I National Parks and Monuments of the Colorado Plateau. U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Air Resources Division. Denver, Colorado.

Blankenship, J.O., D.U. Potter, R.W. Fisher and J.M. Eilers. In Press. Guidelines for Evaluating Air Pollution Impacts on Class I Areas in the Southwestern Region. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Ft. Collins, Colorado.

Bunyak, J. 1993. Permit Application Guidance for New Pollution Sources. Natural Resources Report NPS/NRAQD/NRR-93. U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Air Quality Division. Denver, Colorado.

Eilers, J. M., C.L. Rose and T.J. Sullivan. 1994. Status of Air Quality and Effects of Atmospheric Pollutants on Ecosystems in the Pacific Northwest Region of the National Park Service. Technical Report NPS/NRAQD/NRTR-94/160. U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Air Quality Division. Denver, Colorado.

Fox, D.G., A.M. Bartuska, J.G. Byrne, E. Cowling, R. Fisher, G.E. Likens, S.E. Lindberg, R.A. Linthurst, J. Messer and D.S. Nichols. 1989. A Screening Procedure to Evaluate Air Pollution Effects on Class I Wilderness Areas. General Technical Report RM-168. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. Ft. Collins, Colorado.

Fox, D., G.J.C. Bernabo and B. Hood. 1987. Guidelines for Measuring the Physical, Chemical, and Biological Condition of Wilderness Ecosystems. General Technical Report RM-146. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. Ft. Collins, Colorado.

Garner, J.H.B., T. Pagano and E.B. Cowling. 1989. An Evaluation of the Role of Ozone, Acid Deposition, and Other Airborne Pollutants in the Forests of Eastern North America. General Technical Report SE-59. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station. Asheville, North Carolina.

Haddow, D., R. Musselman, T. Blett and R. Fisher. 1998. Guidelines for Evaluating Air Pollution Impacts on Wilderness within the Rocky Mountain Region: Report of a Workshop, 1990. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-4. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Ft. Collins, Colorado.

Ottmar, R. 1996. Linking recent historical and current forest vegetation patterns to smoke and crown fire in the Interior Columbia River Basin. Paper presented at the 13th Conference of Fire and Forest Meteorology, October 27-31, 1996. Lorne, Australia.

Peterson, D.L., D.L. Schmoldt, J.M. Eilers, R.W. Fisher and R.D. Doty. 1993. Guidelines for Evaluating Air Pollution Impacts on Class I Wilderness Areas in California. General Technical Report PSW-GTR-136. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station. Albany, California.

Peterson, D.L., T.J. Sullivan, J.M. Eilers, S. Brace, D. Horner and K. Savig. 1998. Assessment of Air Quality and Air Pollutant Impacts in National Parks of the Rocky Mountains and Northern Great Plains. U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Air Resources Division.

Peterson, J., D. Schmoldt, D. Peterson, J. Eilers, R. Fisher and R. Bachman. 1992. Guidelines for Evaluating Air Pollution Impacts on Class I Wilderness Areas in the Pacific Northwest. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-299. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. Portland, Oregon.

Porter, E. 1996. Air Quality and Air Quality Related Values in Chassahowitzka National Wildlife Refuge and Wilderness Area. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Air Quality Branch. Denver, Colorado.

Stanford, J., A. Acheson, D. Brakke, S. Eversman, K. Savig and J. Eilers. 1997. A Screening Procedure to Evaluate Air Pollution Effects in Region 1 Wilderness Areas, 1991. General Technical Report RM-GTR-294. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. Ft. Collins, Colorado.

Turner, R. S., D. G. Fox, A. Bartuska, W. Jackson and B. Bayle. Draft. Screening Procedures to Evaluate Effects of Air Pollution on Forest Service Wilderness in the Southern Region.

USDA Forest Service. 2000. Screening Methodology for Calculating ANC Change to High Elevation Lakes. Rocky Mountain Region. January 2000.

U.S. EPA. 1998. Interim Air Quality Policy on Wildland and Prescribed Fires. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. 39 pp.

Visibility References

Colorado State University. Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere. 1996 IMPROVE, Interagency Monitoring of Protected Environments. Spatial and Seasonal Patterns and Long Term Variability of the Composition of the Haze in the United States: An Analysis of Data from the IMPROVE Network.

National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program. 1990. Acidic Deposition: State of Science and Technology, Report 24, Visibility: Existing and Historical Conditions - Causes and Effects.

National Park Service. 1993. Permit Application Guidance for New Pollution Sources. Natural Resources Report NPS/Nraqd/NRR-93.

Pitchford, M.L. and Malm, W.C. 1994. Development and Applications of a Standard Visual Index. Atmospheric Environment 28, 1049-1054.

USEPA. 1992a. Workbook for Visual Impact Screening and Analysis (Revised). EPA-450/R-92-023

USEPA. 1992b. User's Manual for the Plume Visibility Model, PLUVUE II (Revised). EPA-454/B-92-008.

USEPA. 1996a. CALMET, CALPUFF, and CALPOST Modeling System. PB 96-502-083INC.

USEPA. 1996b. Proposed Rule, New Source Review Reform, Federal Register/Vol. 61, No. 142/Tuesday, July 23, 1996.

USEPA. 1996c. Addendum to the User's Manual for the Plume Visibility Model, PLUVUE II (Revised). EPA-454/B-95-001.

USEPA. 1998. Interagency Workgroup on Air Quality Modeling (IWAQM) Phase 2 Summary Report and Recommendations for Modeling Long-Range Transport and Impacts on Regional Visibility. EPA-454/R-98-019.

Ozone References

Ashmore, M.R. and A.W. Davison. 1996. Towards a critical level of ozone for natural vegetation. In: Kaerenlampi, L. and L. Skaerby, eds. Critical Levels for Ozone in Europe: Testing and Finalizing the Concepts. UN-ECE Workshop Report. University of Kuopio, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science. p. 58-71.

Brace, S., D.L. Peterson and D. Horner. 1998. Diagnosing Ozone Injury in Vascular Plants of the Pacific Northwest. PNW-GTR-xxx (In Press). U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station.

Chappelka, A.H., L.J. Samuelson, J.M. Skelly, A.S. Lefohn and D. Nesdill. 1995. Effects of Ozone on Vegetation in Southern Appalachians: an Annotated Bibliography. Auburn University, School of Forestry. Auburn, Alabama.

Davis, D.D. 1995. Evaluation of Ambient Ozone Injury on the Foliage of Vegetation in the Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, Brigantine, New Jersey. Final Report.

Davis, D.D. 1998. Evaluation of Ambient Ozone Injury on the Foliage of Vegetation in the Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge, South Carolina. 1997 Observations.

Davis, D.D. 1998. Evaluation of Ozone Injury on Vegetation in the Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge, Georgia. 1997 Observations.

Eckert, R., R. Kohut, J. Laurence, P. King, T. Lee, B. Rock, D. Moss and A. Theisen. 1991. Studies to Assess the Effects of Ozone on Native Vegetation of Acadia National Park. Annual Report. University of New Hampshire. Durham, New Hampshire.

Guderian, R., D.T. Tingey, and R. Rabe. 1985. Effects of photochemical oxidants on plants. Part 2. In: Guderian, R., ed. Air Pollution by Photochemical Oxidants. Springer-Verlag. New York. p. 129-296.

Guderian, R. 1977. Air Pollution. Phytotoxicity of Acidic Gases and Its Significance in Air Pollution Control. Springer-Verlag. New York.

Heck, W.W. and E.B. Cowling. 1997. The need for a long-term cumulative secondary ozone standard - an ecological perspective. Environmental Management. January.

Heck, W.W., C.S. Furiness, C.K. Simms and E.B. Cowling, eds. 1997. Report from Workshop on Research Needs to Assess the Effects of Ozone on Crop, Forest and Natural Ecosystems. May 18, 1997. Southern Oxidants Study, North Carolina State University. Raleigh, North Carolina.

Kaerenlampi, L. and L. Skaerby, eds. 1996. Critical Levels for Ozone in Europe: Testing and Finalizing the Concepts. UN-ECE Workshop Report. University of Kuopio, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science.

Lefohn, A.S. 1998. The Identification of Ozone Exposures that Result in Vegetation Visible Injury and Growth Loss for Specific Species Grown in the Southern Appalachian Mountain Region. Southern Appalachian Mountains Initiative Report.

Lefohn, A.S. and V.C. Runeckles. 1987. Establishing a standard to protect vegetation - ozone exposure/dose considerations. Atmospheric Environment 21(3):561-568.

Massman, W.J., R.C. Musselman, and A.S. Lefohn. 2000. A conceptual ozone dose-response model to develop a standard to protect vegetation. Atmospheric Environment 34:745-759.

Miller, P., R. Guthrey and S. Schilling. 1995 Draft. Third Progress Report of FOREST. Comparisons of 1991-1995 Ozone Injury Index at Sierra Nevada and San Bernardino Mountains Sites. 9 pp.

Miller, P.R., K.W. Stolte, D.M. Duriscoe and J. Pronos. 1996. Evaluating Ozone Air Pollution Effects on Pines in the Western United States. General Technical Report PSW-GTR-155. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station. Albany, California.

Miller, P., R. Guthrey, S. Schilling and J. Carroll. 1996. Ozone injury responses of ponderosa and Jeffrey pine in the Sierra Nevada and San Bernardino Mountains in California. Paper presented at International Symposium: Air Pollution and Climate Change Effects on Forest Ecosystems, Feb 5-9, 1996. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station. Riverside, California.

Multi-stakeholder NOx/VOC Science Program. 1997. Report of the Vegetation Objective Working Group: Canadian 1996 NOx/VOC Science Assessment. Atmospheric Environment Service, Environment Canada. Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Musselman, R.C. and T.J. Minnick. 2000. Nocturnal stomatal conductance and ambient air quality standards for ozone. Atmospheric Environment 34:719-733.

Neufeld, H.S. and J.R. Renfro. 1993a. Sensitivity of Black Cherry Seedlings (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) to Ozone in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. The 1989 Seedling Set. Natural Resources Report NPS/NRTR-93/112. U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Air Quality Division. Denver, Colorado. 26 pp.

Neufeld, H.S. and J.R. Renfro. 1993b. Sensitivity of Sycamore Seedlings (Platanus occidentalis) to Ozone in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Data from 1989. Natural Resources Report NPS/NRTR-93/131. U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Air Quality Division. 39 pp.

Singh, H.B.; Ludwig, F.L.; Johnson, W.B. 1978. Tropospheric ozone: concentrations and variabilities in clean remote atmospheres. Atmospheric Environment 12:2185-2196.

Singh, H.B.; Viezee, W.; Johnson, W.B.; Ludwig, F.L. 1980. The impact of stratospheric ozone on trpospheric air quality. Journal Air Pollution Control Association 30:1009-1017.

Skaerby, L. and P.E. Karlsson. 1996. Critical levels for ozone to protect forest trees - best available knowledge from the nordic countries and the rest of Europe. In: Kaerenlampi, L. and L. Skaerby, eds. Critical Levels for Ozone in Europe: Testing and Finalizing the Concepts. UN-ECE Workshop Report. University of Kuopio, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science. p. 72-85.

U.S. EPA. 1992. Summary of Selected New Information on Effects of Ozone on Health and Vegetation: Supplement to 1986 Air Quality Criteria for Ozone and Other Photochemical Oxidants. EPA/600/8-88/105F. Research Triangle Park, NC: US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Health and Environmental Assessment.

U.S. EPA. 1996a. Review of National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Ozone Assessment of Scientific and Technical Information. OAQPS Staff Paper. EPA-452/R-96-007. U.S. EPA, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.

U.S. EPA. 1996b. Air Quality Criteria for Ozone and Related Photochemical Oxidants. Vol. 2. EPA/600/P-93/004bF. U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.

Wooldridge, G; Zeller, K.; Musselman, R. 1997. Ozone concentration characteristics at a high-elevation forest site. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 56:153-164.

Deposition References

Aber, J.D., K.J. Nadelhoffer, P. Steudler and J.M. Melillo. 1989. Nitrogen saturation in northern forest ecosystems: excess nitrogen from fossil fuel combustion may stress the biosphere. BioScience 39:378-386.

Adams, M.B., T.R. Angradi and J.N. Kochenderfer. 1997. Stream water and soil solution responses to 5 years of nitrogen and sulfur additions at the Fernow Experimental Forest, West Virginia. Forest Ecology and Management 95:79-91.

Anderson, J.B., R.E. Baumgardner, V.A. Mohnen and J.J. Bowser. 1999. Cloud chemistry in the eastern United States, as sampled from three high-elevation sites along the Appalachian Mountains. Atmospheric Environment 33:5105-5114.

Au, S. 1974. Vegetation and Ecological Processes on Shackleford Bank, North Carolina. Scientific Monograph Series No. 6. U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Washington, D.C. 86 pp.

Baldocchi, D. D., B. B. Hicks and P. Camara 1987. A canopy stomatal resistance model for gaseous deposition to vegetated surfaces. Atmospheric Environment, 21, 91-101.

Baron, J.S. and D.H. Campbell. 1997. Nitrogen fluxes in a high elevation Colorado Rocky Mountain basin. Hydrological Processes 11:783-799.

Bormann, F. H. and G. E. Likens. 1967. Nutrient cycling. Science 155:424-429.

Byron, E. R. and P. Eloranta. 1984. Recent historical changes in the diatom community of Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada, U.S.A. Verh. Internat. Verin. Limnol. 22:1372-1376.

Bytnerowicz, A., J. J. Carroll, B. K. Takemoto, P. R. Miller, M. E. Fenn, R. C. Musselman. 2000. Distribution and transport of air pollutants to vulnerable California ecosystems. In: K. M. Scow, G. E. Fogg, M. L. Johnson. Integrated Assessment of Ecosystem Health, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, 93-118.

Bytnerowicz, A., M. E. Fenn 1996. Nitrogen deposition in California forests: a review. Environmental Pollution, 92, 127-146.

Bytnerowicz, A., M. E. Fenn, P. R. Miller, M. J. Arbaugh. 1999. Wet and dry pollutant deposition to the mixed conifer forest. In: P. R. Miller and J. R. McBride (eds.) Oxidant Air Pollution Impacts in the Montane Forests of Southern California. Springer, New York, 235-269.

Bytnerowicz, A., S. Ferguson, F. Fujioka, R. Ottmar, M. Poth. 1997. Simulation modeling: role and status. In: A. Bytnerowicz (tech. ed.) Atmpospheric and Biospheric Interactions of Gases and Energy in the Pacific Region of the United States, Mexico and Brazil. USDA FS, Pacific Southwest Research Station, General Technical Report, PSW-GTR-161, 27-30.

California Air Resources Board (CARB). 1993. The Atmospheric Acidity Protection Program: Annual Report to the Governor and Legislature, 1992. Sacramento, California.

Campbell, D.H., D.W. Clow, G.P. Ingersoll, M.A. Mast, N.E. Spahr and J.T. Turk. 1995. Processes controlling the chemistry of two snowmelt-dominated streams in the Rocky Mountains. Water Resources Research 31(11):2811-2821.

CENR. 1999. The role of monitoring networks in the management of the Nation's air quality. Report of the National Science and Technology Council Committee on Environment and Natural Resources. Washington, D.C. March 1999.

Cosby, B.J., S.A. Norton and J.S. Kahl. 1996. Using a paired-watershed manipulation experiment to evaluate a catchment-scale biogeochemical model. Science of the Total Environment 183:49-66.

Cosby, B.J., R.F. Wright and E. Gjessing. 1995. An acidification model (MAGIC) with organic acid evaluated using whole-catchment manipulations in Norway. J. Hydrol. 170:101-122.

Cosby, B.J., R.F. Wright, G.M. Hornberger and J.N. Galloway. 1985. Modeling the effects of acid deposition: assessment of a lumped parameter model of soil water and streamwater chemistry. Water Resources Research 21:51-63.

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Dixon, L.K. and E.D. Estevez. 2000. Reservoirs of nitrogen and phosphorus across a multiple source, nitrogen-enriched, estuarine gradient. Draft report to the Air Quality Branch, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Denver, Colorado.

Ecological Society of America. 2000. Acid deposition: the ecological response. Workshop Report. March 1-3, 1999. Washington, D.C.

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Hanson, P. J., S. E. Lindberg. 1991. Dry deposition of reactive nitrogen compounds: a review of leaf, canopy and non-foliar measurements. Atmospheric Environment, 25A, 1615-1634.

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Hidy, G.M. 1998. Dry deposition relevant to the National Parks and Wildernesses. Report to the Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere. Fort Collins, Colorado.

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